A subject this map covers
Diaphragm and phrenic pacing
Part of: Neuromodulation
What belongs here
Electrical stimulation of the diaphragm or phrenic nerve to replace or support breathing.
What does not belong here, however close it looks
Respiratory training without stimulation belongs to the respiratory-function concept.
What has been looked at
Counted from what the sources catalogue, not from reading the work. It says how much exists and over what span of years — never what any of it found.
- Registered or indexed as work in people: 2188 records · 1950–2026
- Indexed as work in animals: 522 records · 1975–2026
- Indexed as laboratory work: 7 records · 1987–2025
- The source has not said who or what was studied: 70 records · 1980–2026
- No matching published catalogue records are linked above. Human-review status must be checked on the evidence itself.
Published in this map
Catalogue records matching this subject. Publication here does not establish human review, measured results or effectiveness. Open a record to inspect its sources and evidence.
No published catalogue records match this subject yet.
This is a result within this map, not a claim that no research exists. The source records below can help you continue searching.
Found in the scientific sources, not yet checked
Titles and identifiers as the sources publish them. Nobody here has read these papers, and nothing on this shelf is a result, a recommendation or evidence that anything works. Each line opens the original.
2787 records
This grouping is the source's own cataloguing, not a reading of the paper. It says where a record was filed, not what it found.
Indexed as work in animals
- Restoration of micturition using microelectric current in experimentally induced spastic urinary bladder in rabbits. — PubMed · 1988 · Journal Article
- Short term efficacy of applied electric fields in the repair of the damaged rodent spinal cord: behavioral and morphological results. — PubMed · 1988 · Journal Article
- The effect of direct-current field on recovery from experimental spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 1988 · Journal Article
- Effect of alternating current stimulation of the spinal cord on recovery from acute spinal cord injury in rats. — PubMed · 1987 · Comparative Study
- Spinal cord stimulation for amelioration of spasticity: experimental results. — PubMed · 1987 · Journal Article
- Recovery of spinal cord function induced by direct current stimulation of the injured rat spinal cord. — PubMed · 1987 · Journal Article
- Transected dorsal column axons within the guinea pig spinal cord regenerate in the presence of an applied electric field. — PubMed · 1986 · Journal Article
- Electrophrenic respiration following anastomosis of phrenic with branchial nerve in the cat. — PubMed · 1983 · Journal Article
- Developmental plasticity in the respiratory pathway of the adult rat. — PubMed · 1979 · Journal Article
- Restoration of function in the paralyzed diaphragm. — PubMed · 1975 · Journal Article
Indexed as laboratory work
- Electric Stimulation Combined with Biomaterials for Repairing Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2025 · Journal Article
- Electroacupuncture facilitates the integration of a grafted TrkC-modified mesenchymal stem cell-derived neural network into transected spinal cord in rats via increasing neurotrophin-3. — PubMed · 2021 · Journal Article
- Ampakines stimulate phrenic motor output after cervical spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2020 · Journal Article
- Spinal cord clinical trials and the role for bioengineering. — PubMed · 2012 · Journal Article
- Synaptic vesicle pools at diaphragm neuromuscular junctions vary with motoneuron soma, not axon terminal, inactivity. — PubMed · 2007 · Journal Article
- An implant for chronic selective stimulation of nerves. — PubMed · 2001 · Journal Article
- [Biological activity of the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with spinal cord injuries]. — PubMed · 1987 · Journal Article
The source has not said who or what was studied
- Diaphragm stimulation after human spinal cord injury: Effects on respiratory function and diaphragm muscle activation. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Diaphragm Pacing Enhances Breathing and Activates Spinal Neurons After Cervical Spinal Cord Injury — Crossref · 2026 · journal-article
- Complete Liberation from Mechanical Ventilation Using Diaphragm Pacing in a Patient with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Despite Persistent Unilateral Diaphragmatic Paralysis. — PubMed · 2026 · Case Reports
- Safety and efficacy of phrenic nerve stimulation: A case series at the University of Oklahoma and review of the international literature. — PubMed · 2025 · Journal Article
- Long term diaphragmatic electrical stimulation: a case report of three cases illustrating the positive aspects and pitfalls in high spinal injury. — PubMed · 2025 · Case Reports
- Impact of Percutaneous Intercostal Nerve Stimulation Combined With Diaphragm Pacing on Respiratory Function in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report. — PubMed · 2025 · Case Reports
- Brief, Daily Diaphragm Pacing Increases Satellite Cell Expression in Diaphragm Muscle Following Spinal Cord Injury — Crossref · 2025 · journal-article
- Current Status and Challenges of Diaphragm Pacing in Japan: A Systematic Review of Case Reports. — PubMed · 2025 · Journal Article
- Phrenic Nerve Reconstruction with Short-Term Diaphragm Pacing Corrects Diaphragm Paralysis Due to Intrathoracic Nerve Injury — Crossref · 2024 · journal-article
- Improved Utility of CMAP for Detection of Phrenic Nerve Injury, Using Multisite-Phrenic Nerve and Coronary Sinus Pacing, During Cryoablation in AF — Crossref · 2024 · journal-article
- Diaphragm Pacing Elicits Ventilatory Plasticity in a Rodent Model of Spinal Cord Injury — Crossref · 2024 · journal-article
- Can phrenic nerve injury be anticipated by larger cryoballoons? — Crossref · 2023 · journal-article
- Diaphragmatic Pacing. — PubMed · 2023 · Study Guide
- Paced breathing and respiratory movement responses evoked by bidirectional constant current stimulation in anesthetized rabbits. — PubMed · 2023 · Journal Article
- Optimizing sensory fiber activation during cervical transcutaneous spinal stimulation using different electrode configurations: A computational analysis. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Wide bandgap semiconductor nanomembranes as a long-term biointerface for flexible, implanted neuromodulator. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Phrenic Nerve Pacing — Crossref · 2022 · book-chapter
- Regulation of Human Respiration by Electrical Stimulation. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Thirty-Six-Month Follow-up of Diaphragm Pacing with Phrenic Nerve Stimulation for Ventilator Dependence in Traumatic Tetraplegia: The Way Forward for Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation in a Developing Country — Crossref · 2021 · journal-article
- Diaphragm Pacing and a Model for Respiratory Rehabilitation After Spinal Cord Injury — Crossref · 2021 · journal-article
- Spinal cord injury level and Phrenic Nerve Conduction Studies do not predict diaphragm pacing success or failure- all patients should undergo diagnostic laparoscopy — Crossref · 2021 · journal-article
- Diaphragm pacing decreases hospital charges for patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2020 · Journal Article
- Use of Diaphragm Pacing in Lung Transplant Patient with Phrenic Nerve Injury — Crossref · 2020 · proceedings-article
- Diaphragm Pacing in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injuries — Crossref · 2019 · journal-article
- Transvenous Phrenic Nerve Pacing May Mitigate Ventilation-Induced Diaphragm Atrophy in All Myofiber Types — Crossref · 2019 · proceedings-article
- A practical technique in laparoscopic diaphragm pacing surgery: Retrospective analyse of 43 patients. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Diaphragm Pacing by Phrenic Nerve Stimulation — Crossref · 2018 · book-chapter
- Phrenic pacing compared with mechanical ventilation — Crossref · 2017 · journal-article
- Diaphragm Pacing (Phrenic Nerve Stimulation) in a High Cervical Spinal Cord Injury in Quadriplegic Patient — Crossref · 2017 · journal-article
- Diaphragm Pacing by Phrenic Nerve Stimulation — Crossref · 2016 · journal-article
- Diaphragm pacing: the state of the art. — PubMed · 2016 · Journal Article
- Diaphragm pacing failure secondary to deteriorated chest wall mechanics: When a good diaphragm does not suffice to take a good breath in. — PubMed · 2015 · Case Reports
- Evaluation of Phrenic Nerve and Diaphragm Function with Peripheral Nerve Stimulation and M-Mode Ultrasonography in Potential Pediatric Phrenic Nerve or Diaphragm Pacing Candidates — Crossref · 2015 · journal-article
- Phrenic Nerve Pacing — Crossref · 2015 · book-chapter
- Cryoablation of Focal Tachycardia Originating from the Right Atrial Free Wall during Upstream Phrenic Pacing to Avoid Phrenic Nerve Injury — Crossref · 2014 · journal-article
- Phrenic nerve stimulation for diaphragm pacing in a quadriplegic patient. — PubMed · 2013 · Case Reports
- Electrical treatment of spinal cord injuries in the 18th and 19th centuries. — PubMed · 2013 · Biography
- Noninvasive respiratory management and diaphragm and electrophrenic pacing in neuromuscular disease and spinal cord injury — Crossref · 2013 · journal-article
- Left Phrenic Nerve Injury during Cryoballoon Ablation of the Left Superior Pulmonary Vein — Crossref · 2012 · journal-article
- Electrical Isolation of the Superior Vena Cava Using Upstream Phrenic Pacing to Avoid Phrenic Nerve Injury — Crossref · 2012 · journal-article
- Phrenic Nerve Pacing during Atrial Ablation: A Stimulus Plan that Works — Crossref · 2012 · journal-article
- Long-term evaluation of phrenic nerve pacing for respiratory failure due to high cervical spinal cord injury — Crossref · 2012 · journal-article
- Diaphragmatic pacing to facilitate ventilator weaning in neuromyelitis optica-associated respiratory failure. — PubMed · 2012 · Journal Article
Where this was looked for, and when
The latest collection walk and the accumulated shelf have different scopes. A zero applies only to that source query and its date window; older records may remain on the shelf. It does not mean no research exists.
| ClinicalTrials.gov | latest collection walk returned no records | asked on 2026-09-29 Collection window: 2026-09-16 – 2026-09-29 | matched in this collection walk 0 · accumulated records across collection walks 5 · still to fetch in this walk 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crossref | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-16 Collection window: all dates before the end date – 2026-09-16 | matched in this collection walk 1073202 · accumulated records across collection walks 50 | aim: a sample of the most relevant records. This source ranks a bag of words, so its own total is the size of the corpus that shares some of them, never a set still owed. |
| PubMed | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-10-12 Collection window: 2026-09-16 – 2026-10-12 | matched in this collection walk 4 · accumulated records across collection walks 2820 · still to fetch in this walk 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
The question asked
- ClinicalTrials.gov
("diaphragm pacing" OR "phrenic nerve pacing" OR "phrenic nerve stimulation") - Crossref
spinal cord injury diaphragm pacing phrenic nerve pacing - PubMed
("Spinal Cord Injuries"[MeSH Terms] OR "spinal cord injury"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord injuries"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord trauma"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("Phrenic Nerve"[MeSH Terms] OR "Electric Stimulation Therapy"[MeSH Terms] OR "diaphragm pacing"[Title/Abstract] OR "phrenic nerve pacing"[Title/Abstract] OR "phrenic nerve stimulation"[Title/Abstract])