A subject this map covers
Neuroprotection
What belongs here
Attempts to stop the second, delayed wave of damage in the first hours and days.
What does not belong here, however close it looks
Restoring function lost months earlier is repair, not neuroprotection.
What has been looked at
Counted from what the sources catalogue, not from reading the work. It says how much exists and over what span of years — never what any of it found.
- Registered or indexed as work in people: 1169 records · 1978–2027
- Indexed as work in animals: 1885 records · 1977–2026
- Indexed as laboratory work: 80 records · 1996–2026
- The source has not said who or what was studied: 572 records · 1991–2026
- No matching published catalogue records are linked above. Human-review status must be checked on the evidence itself.
Published in this map
Catalogue records matching this subject. Publication here does not establish human review, measured results or effectiveness. Open a record to inspect its sources and evidence.
No published catalogue records match this subject yet.
This is a result within this map, not a claim that no research exists. The source records below can help you continue searching.
Found in the scientific sources, not yet checked
Titles and identifiers as the sources publish them. Nobody here has read these papers, and nothing on this shelf is a result, a recommendation or evidence that anything works. Each line opens the original.
3706 records
This grouping is the source's own cataloguing, not a reading of the paper. It says where a record was filed, not what it found.
Indexed as work in animals
- High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is increased in injured mouse spinal cord and can elicit neurotoxic inflammation. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Resolvin D1 Halts Remote Neuroinflammation and Improves Functional Recovery after Focal Brain Damage Via ALX/FPR2 Receptor-Regulated MicroRNAs. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- The effect of myelotomy following low thoracic spinal cord compression injury in rats. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Dextran-based biodegradable nanoparticles: an alternative and convenient strategy for treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Tauroursodeoxycholic acid alleviates secondary injury in the spinal cord via up-regulation of CIBZ gene. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Treatment with IL-19 improves locomotor functional recovery after contusion trauma to the spinal cord. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Investigation of candidate long noncoding RNAs and messenger RNAs in the immediate phase of spinal cord injury based on gene expression profiles. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Local BDNF Delivery to the Injured Cervical Spinal Cord using an Engineered Hydrogel Enhances Diaphragmatic Respiratory Function. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Chloroquine Promotes the Recovery of Acute Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting Autophagy-Associated Inflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Prophylactic Riluzole Attenuates Oxidative Stress Damage in Spinal Cord Distraction. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Coenzyme Q10 Influences on the Levels of TNF-α and IL-10 and the Ratio of Bax/Bcl2 in a Menopausal Rat Model Following Lumbar Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Effect of Riluzole on Spinal Cord Regeneration with Hemisection Method Before Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Epidermal growth factor regulates apoptosis and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Knockdown of Ski decreased the reactive astrocytes proliferation in vitro induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Neural crest stem cells protect spinal cord neurons from excitotoxic damage and inhibit glial activation by secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Optimized induction of beta common receptor enhances the neuroprotective function of erythropoietin in spinal cord ischemic injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- The Severity of Spinal Cord Injury Determines the Inflammatory Gene Expression Pattern after Immunization with Neural-Derived Peptides. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Valproic acid attenuates traumatic spinal cord injury-induced inflammation via STAT1 and NF-κB pathway dependent of HDAC3. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- [Effect of astaxanthin on the apoptosis after spinal cord injury in rats]. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) improved functional recovery of spinal cord injury partly by promoting axonal regeneration. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- FGF1 improves functional recovery through inducing PRDX1 to regulate autophagy and anti-ROS after spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Metformin Protects Against Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating Autophagy via the mTOR Signaling Pathway. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Nafamostat mesilate attenuates inflammation and apoptosis and promotes locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Plumbagin ameliorates memory dysfunction in streptozotocin induced Alzheimer's disease via activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway and inhibition of β-secretase. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Sox9 knockout mice have improved recovery following stroke. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- [Depressant effect of Lithium on apoptosis of nerve cells of adult rats after spinal cord injury]. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Docosahexaenoic acid improves motor function in the model of spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Assessment of the neuroprotective effects of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor huperzine A in an experimental spinal cord trauma model. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Inhibition of Autophagy is Involved in the Protective Effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 on Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Protective role of astragalus injection in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin and Methylprednisolone in the Rat Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Neuroprotective Effects of C-terminal Domain of Tetanus Toxin on Rat Brain Against Motorneuron Damages After Experimental Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Protective Effects of Estradiol and Dihydrotestosterone following Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Association of riluzole and dantrolene improves significant recovery after acute spinal cord injury in rats. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Free radical scavenger edaravone produces robust neuroprotection in a rat model of spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- The effects of oxyresveratrol abrogates inflammation and oxidative stress in rat model of spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Therapeutic efficacy of cyclosporin A against spinal cord injury in rats with hyperglycemia. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Neuregulin-1 elicits a regulatory immune response following traumatic spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Combined with Methylprednisolone Improves Functional Outcomes in Rats with Experimental Acute Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Evaluation Study
- Estrogen Attenuates Local Inflammasome Expression and Activation after Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Mithramycin A Improves Functional Recovery by Inhibiting BSCB Disruption and Hemorrhage after Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Neuroserpin restores autophagy and promotes functional recovery after acute spinal cord injury in rats. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Post-Injury Treatment with NIM811 Promotes Recovery of Function in Adult Female Rats after Spinal Cord Contusion: A Dose-Response Study. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Protective effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid on the autophagy of nerve cells in rats with acute spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Rolipram-Loaded Polymeric Micelle Nanoparticle Reduces Secondary Injury after Rat Compression Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Salidroside attenuates neuroinflammation and improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury through microglia polarization regulation. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Sustained-release of FGF-2 from a hybrid hydrogel of heparin-poloxamer and decellular matrix promotes the neuroprotective effects of proteins after spinal injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Lithium chloride contributes to blood-spinal cord barrier integrity and functional recovery from spinal cord injury by stimulating autophagic flux. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Administration of chlorogenic acid alleviates spinal cord injury via TLR4/NF‑κB and p38 signaling pathway anti‑inflammatory activity. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Apolipoprotein E as a novel therapeutic neuroprotection target after traumatic spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Continuous tamoxifen delivery improves locomotor recovery 6h after spinal cord injury by neuronal and glial mechanisms in male rats. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Effects of Resveratrol on Inflammation and Apoptosis After Experimental Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Eugenol promotes functional recovery and alleviates inflammation, oxidative stress, and neural apoptosis in a rat model of spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article The source marks this record as retracted.
- Gambogic acid inhibits spinal cord injury and inflammation through suppressing the p38 and Akt signaling pathways. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Inhalation of Hydrogen of Different Concentrations Ameliorates Spinal Cord Injury in Mice by Protecting Spinal Cord Neurons from Apoptosis, Oxidative Injury and Mitochondrial Structure Damages. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Lipoxin A4 protects against spinal cord injury via regulating Akt/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Methods for Assessing Serpins as Neuroprotective Therapeutics. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- Multiple Combination of Angelica gigas Extract and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances Therapeutic Effect. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- T-cell infiltration into the perilesional cortex is long-lasting and associates with poor somatomotor recovery after experimental traumatic brain injury. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
- The role of low level laser therapy on neuropathic pain relief and interleukin-6 expression following spinal cord injury: An experimental study. — PubMed · 2018 · Journal Article
Where this was looked for, and when
The latest collection walk and the accumulated shelf have different scopes. A zero applies only to that source query and its date window; older records may remain on the shelf. It does not mean no research exists.
| ClinicalTrials.gov | latest collection walk returned no records | asked on 2026-10-05 Collection window: 2026-09-16 – 2026-10-05 | matched in this collection walk 0 · accumulated records across collection walks 6 · still to fetch in this walk 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crossref | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-16 Collection window: all dates before the end date – 2026-09-16 | matched in this collection walk 1230843 · accumulated records across collection walks 50 | aim: a sample of the most relevant records. This source ranks a bag of words, so its own total is the size of the corpus that shares some of them, never a set still owed. |
| PubMed | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-17 Collection window: all dates before the end date – 2026-09-17 | matched in this collection walk 3744 · accumulated records across collection walks 3744 · still to fetch in this walk 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
The question asked
- ClinicalTrials.gov
("neuroprotection" OR "secondary injury") - Crossref
spinal cord injury neuroprotection secondary injury - PubMed
("Spinal Cord Injuries"[MeSH Terms] OR "spinal cord injury"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord injuries"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord trauma"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("Neuroprotection"[MeSH Terms] OR "Neuroprotective Agents"[MeSH Terms] OR "neuroprotection"[Title/Abstract] OR "secondary injury"[Title/Abstract])