A subject this map covers
Epidural electrical stimulation
Part of: Neuromodulation
This map follows this subject as an approach
What belongs here
An electrode implanted in the epidural space over the cord, delivering current below the level of injury.
What does not belong here, however close it looks
Epidural stimulation purely for pain relief, with no motor or autonomic aim, belongs to the pain concept.
What has been looked at
Counted from what the sources catalogue, not from reading the work. It says how much exists and over what span of years — never what any of it found.
- Registered or indexed as work in people: 896 records · 1945–2026
- Indexed as work in animals: 195 records · 1978–2026
- Indexed as laboratory work: 2 records · 2008–2025
- The source has not said who or what was studied: 145 records · 1990–2026
Checked
Records a person has read against the original and published into this map. These carry measurements, evidence states and a place on the ladder.
- Recovery of walking with epidural electrical stimulation and rehabilitation is accompanied by reduced neuronal activity in the lumbar spinal cord during walking.
- Spatiotemporal epidural electrical stimulation of the lumbar spinal cord combined with neurorehabilitation restores walking after spinal cord injury.
- A brain–spine interface that links cortical signals to epidural electrical stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord restores standing and walking ability after spinal cord injury.
- Combined epidural electrical and muscle stimulation improves functional reconstruction of spinal sensorimotor circuits after spinal cord injury.
- Combined epidural electrical and muscle stimulation increases the excitability of spinal neurons after spinal cord injury.
- Efficacy of spinal cord epidural electrical stimulation in gait recovery of Spinal Cord Injury patients, a systematic review of human clinical trials
- Epidural electrical stimulation
- Epidural electrical stimulation for spinal cord injury.
- High-frequency epidural electrical stimulation reduces spasticity and facilitates walking recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.
- Advances in Spinal Cord Epidural Stimulation for Motor and Autonomic Functions Recovery After Severe Spinal Cord Injury
- Combined Injury-site & Lumbosacral Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
- Epidural and Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Strategies for Motor Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury
Found in the scientific sources, not yet checked
Titles and identifiers as the sources publish them. Nobody here has read these papers, and nothing on this shelf is a result, a recommendation or evidence that anything works. Each line opens the original.
1238 records
This grouping is the source's own cataloguing, not a reading of the paper. It says where a record was filed, not what it found.
Registered or indexed as work in people
- A Scoping Review of Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation for Improving Motor and Voiding Function Following Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2023 · Journal Article
- Spinal Cord Injury Community Personal Opinions and Perspectives on Spinal Cord Stimulation. — PubMed · 2023 · Journal Article
- Epidural stimulation of the cervical spinal cord for post-stroke upper-limb paresis. — PubMed · 2023 · Case Reports
- Priming locomotor training with transspinal stimulation in people with spinal cord injury: study protocol of a randomized clinical trial. — PubMed · 2023 · Clinical Trial Protocol
- Neuromodulation with transcutaneous spinal stimulation reveals different groups of motor profiles during robot-guided stepping in humans with incomplete spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2023 · Journal Article
- Placebo (Sham) Controlled Trials of Spinal Cord Stimulation. — PubMed · 2023 · Randomized Controlled Trial
- Semantic Confusion Risks Undermining the Science of Spinal Cord Stimulation. — PubMed · 2023 · Letter
- Using a high-frequency carrier does not improve comfort of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation. — PubMed · 2023 · Journal Article
- Epidural Stimulation in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Patients — ClinicalTrials.gov · 2023 · Interventional · Unknown
- Intraoperative electrical stimulation of the human dorsal spinal cord reveals a map of arm and hand muscle responses. — PubMed · 2023 · Journal Article
- Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation From Adults to Children: A Review. — PubMed · 2023 · Review
- Effects of non-invasive spinal cord stimulation on lower urinary tract, bowel, and sexual functions in individuals with chronic motor-complete spinal cord injury: Protocol for a pilot clinical trial. — PubMed · 2022 · Clinical Trial Protocol
- Activity-dependent plasticity and spinal cord stimulation for motor recovery following spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Comparative Study of Circumferential Decompression and Posterior Decompression in Palliative Surgery for Metastatic Thoracic Spinal Tumors. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Feasibility of transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation combined with locomotor training after spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Spinal cord stimulation in patients suffering from chronic pain after surgery for spinal intradural tumors: A case report and literature summary. — PubMed · 2022 · Case Reports
- The neurons that restore walking after paralysis. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- When the whole is greater than the sum of its parts: a scoping review of activity-based therapy paired with spinal cord stimulation following spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Spinal cord stimulator medullary compression-a very rare SCS complication and surgical treatment. — PubMed · 2022 · Case Reports
- Is spinal cord stimulation useful in the long term? A commentary on Brill et al. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- The safety of epidural spinal cord stimulation to restore function after spinal cord injury: post-surgical complications and incidence of cardiovascular events. — PubMed · 2022 · Clinical Trial
- Spinal cord stimulation: beyond pain management. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Spinal cord stimulation: Beyond pain management. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Spinal electrical stimulation to improve sympathetic autonomic functions needed for movement and exercise after spinal cord injury: a scoping clinical review. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Advances in Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation to Restore Function after Spinal Cord Injury: History and Systematic Review. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Anodal transcutaneous DC stimulation enhances learning of dynamic balance control during walking in humans with spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Historical development and contemporary use of neuromodulation in human spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Effect of epidural spinal cord stimulation after chronic spinal cord injury on volitional movement and cardiovascular function: study protocol for the phase II open label controlled E-STAND trial. — PubMed · 2022 · Clinical Trial Protocol
- A Computational Study of Lower Urinary Tract Nerve Recruitment with Epidural Stimulation of the Lumbosacral Spinal Cord. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Effects of transcutaneous spinal stimulation on spatiotemporal cortical activation patterns: a proof-of-concept EEG study. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Epidural electrical stimulation of the cervical dorsal roots restores voluntary upper limb control in paralyzed monkeys. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Evaluating the incidence of spinal cord injury after spinal cord stimulator implant: an updated retrospective review. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Letter: Development of Machine Learning-Based Models to Predict Treatment Response to Spinal Cord Stimulation. — PubMed · 2022 · Letter
- Spinal Cord Stimulation and Urinary Dysfunction. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Spinal Cord Stimulation Research in the Restoration of Motor, Sensory, and Autonomic Function for Individuals Living With Spinal Cord Injuries: A Scoping Review. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Spinal Cord Transcutaneous Stimulation Enables Volitional Knee Extension in Motor-complete SCI. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Targeting bladder function with network-specific epidural stimulation after chronic spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Epidural electrical stimulation of the cervical spinal cord opposes opioid-induced respiratory depression. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation combined with locomotor training to improve walking ability in people with chronic spinal cord injury: study protocol for an international multi-centred double-blinded randomised sham-controlled trial (eWALK). — PubMed · 2022 · Clinical Trial Protocol
- Preferential activation of proprioceptive and cutaneous sensory fibers compared to motor fibers during cervical transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation: a computational study. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Minimal handgrip force is needed for transcutaneous electrical stimulation to improve hand functions of patients with severe spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- A man with severed spine is able to walk again following implantation of electrical stimulation device. — PubMed · 2022 · News
- Comparison of disc and wire electrodes to restore cough via lower thoracic spinal cord stimulation. — PubMed · 2022 · Clinical Trial
- Locomotor and Bladder Function in Individuals With Acute Spinal Cord Injury — ClinicalTrials.gov · 2022 · Interventional · Recruiting
- Characterization of interlimb interaction via transcutaneous spinal stimulation of cervical and lumbar spinal enlargements. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Short-Term Transcutaneous or Epidural Spinal Stimulation for Enabling Motor Function in Humans With SCI — ClinicalTrials.gov · 2022 · Interventional · Completed
- Posterior and anterior epidural and intradural migration of the sequestered intervertebral disc: Three cases and review of the literature. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Spinal cord stimulation and cauda equina syndrome: Could it be a valid option? A report of two cases. — PubMed · 2022 · Case Reports
- A common yet undescribed MRI finding in newborns: posterior epidural space edema of the cervical and upper thoracic spine. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Activity-dependent spinal cord neuromodulation rapidly restores trunk and leg motor functions after complete paralysis. — PubMed · 2022 · Clinical Trial
- Epidural Electrical Stimulation to Restore Standing and Walking in Patients With Chronic Paralysis Due to Spinal Cord Injury: A Study on Motor Recovery, Spasticity Reduction, and Quality of Life Improvement Through Neuromodulation and Intensive Rehabilitation — ClinicalTrials.gov · 2022 · Interventional · Recruiting
- Epidural Spinal Stimulation Enables Global Sensorimotor and Autonomic Function Recovery After Complete Paralysis: 1(st) Study From India. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Multisite Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation for Walking and Autonomic Recovery in Motor-Incomplete Tetraplegia: A Single-Subject Design. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Spinal cord imaging markers and recovery of standing with epidural stimulation in individuals with clinically motor complete spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Toward rebalancing blood pressure instability after spinal cord injury with spinal cord electrical stimulation: A mini review and critique of the evolving literature. — PubMed · 2022 · Journal Article
- Spinal Cord Stimulation and Respiration After Injury — ClinicalTrials.gov · 2021 · Interventional · Recruiting
- Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) for Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) — ClinicalTrials.gov · 2021 · Interventional · Active Not Recruiting
- Combined neuromodulatory approaches in the central nervous system for treatment of spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2021 · Journal Article
- Epidural spinal cord stimulation as an intervention for motor recovery after motor complete spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2021 · Journal Article
- Restoring Hemodynamic Stability Using Targeted Epidural Spinal Stimulation Following Spinal Cord Injury — ClinicalTrials.gov · 2021 · Interventional · Unknown
Where this was looked for, and when
The exact question each source was asked, the day it was asked, and what came back. A zero on this page is only honest if these are on it.
| ClinicalTrials.gov | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-29 | the source found 1 · this programme has 55 · still to fetch 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crossref | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-16 | the source found 1988993 · this programme has 50 | aim: a sample of the most relevant records. This source ranks a bag of words, so its own total is the size of the corpus that shares some of them, never a set still owed. |
| PubMed | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-10-12 | the source found 9 · this programme has 1166 · still to fetch 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
The question asked
- ClinicalTrials.gov
("epidural stimulation" OR "epidural electrical stimulation" OR "implanted epidural stimulator") - Crossref
spinal cord injury epidural stimulation epidural electrical stimulation - PubMed
("Spinal Cord Injuries"[MeSH Terms] OR "spinal cord injury"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord injuries"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord trauma"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("Spinal Cord Stimulation"[MeSH Terms] OR "Epidural Space"[MeSH Terms] OR "epidural stimulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "epidural electrical stimulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "implanted epidural stimulator"[Title/Abstract])