A subject this map covers
Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation
Part of: Neuromodulation
This map follows this subject as an approach
What belongs here
Spinal cord stimulation through skin electrodes, without surgery.
What does not belong here, however close it looks
Transcutaneous stimulation of a peripheral nerve or muscle does not belong here.
What has been looked at
Counted from what the sources catalogue, not from reading the work. It says how much exists and over what span of years — never what any of it found.
- Registered or indexed as work in people: 387 records · 1983–2027
- Indexed as work in animals: 120 records · 1990–2026
- Indexed as laboratory work: 1 record · 2021–2021
- The source has not said who or what was studied: 115 records · 1994–2026
Checked
Records a person has read against the original and published into this map. These carry measurements, evidence states and a place on the ladder.
Found in the scientific sources, not yet checked
Titles and identifiers as the sources publish them. Nobody here has read these papers, and nothing on this shelf is a result, a recommendation or evidence that anything works. Each line opens the original.
623 records
This grouping is the source's own cataloguing, not a reading of the paper. It says where a record was filed, not what it found.
Indexed as work in animals
- [Effects of electroacupuncture of "governor vessel" acupoints on changes of BDNF in the cortical motor area of mice with spinal cord transection]. — PubMed · 2012 · English Abstract
- An experimental electro-acupuncture study in treatment of the rat demyelinated spinal cord injury induced by ethidium bromide. — PubMed · 2011 · Journal Article
- Timing in the absence of supraspinal input III: regularly spaced cutaneous stimulation prevents and reverses the spinal learning deficit produced by peripheral inflammation. — PubMed · 2011 · Comparative Study
- Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and electroacupuncture downregulate the inhibitor molecules and promote the axonal regeneration in the transected spinal cord of rats. — PubMed · 2011 · Journal Article
- Electro-acupuncture promotes differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, regeneration of nerve fibers and partial functional recovery after spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2011 · Journal Article
- Identification of acupuncture-specific proteins in the process of electro-acupuncture after spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2010 · Journal Article
- Electroacupuncture-enhanced differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells into neuronal cells. — PubMed · 2009 · Comparative Study
- Electro-acupuncture promotes survival, differentiation of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as well as functional recovery in the spinal cord-transected rats. — PubMed · 2009 · Comparative Study
- [Proteome analysis on the mechanism of electroacupuncture in relieving acute spinal cord injury at different time courses in rats]. — PubMed · 2009 · English Abstract
- Electroacupuncture induced spinal plasticity is linked to multiple gene expressions in dorsal root deafferented rats. — PubMed · 2009 · Journal Article
- [Effects of electroacupuncture on the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein after spinal cord injury in rats]. — PubMed · 2007 · Journal Article
- Electro-acupuncture and Chinese herbs for treatment of cervical intervertebral disk disease in a dog. — PubMed · 2007 · Comparative Study
- Ovarian blood flow responses to electroacupuncture stimulation depend on estrous cycle and on site and frequency of stimulation in anesthetized rats. — PubMed · 2006 · Journal Article
- [Effect of Governer Meridian electro-acupuncture on water channel aquaporin-4 in experimental spinal cord injured rats]. — PubMed · 2005 · English Abstract
- A C-fiber reflex inhibition induced by electroacupuncture with different intensities applied at homotopic and heterotopic acupoints in rats selectively destructive effects on myelinated and unmyelinated afferent fibers. — PubMed · 2004 · Comparative Study
- Relieving effects of electroacupuncture on mechanical allodynia in neuropathic pain model of inferior caudal trunk injury in rat: mediation by spinal opioid receptors. — PubMed · 2004 · Journal Article
- Effects of corticosteroid and electroacupuncture on experimental spinal cord injury in dogs. — PubMed · 2003 · Clinical Trial
- Electro-acupuncture stimulation effects on duodenal motility in anesthetized rats. — PubMed · 2003 · Comparative Study
- TENS attenuates response to colon distension in paraplegic and quadriplegic rats. — PubMed · 2002 · Journal Article
- [Effects of electroacupuncture on laminin expression after spinal cord injury in rats]. — PubMed · 2002 · English Abstract
- Effect of acupuncture on free radicals in rats with early experimental spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2002 · Journal Article
- Treatment of wobbler syndrome in dogs with electroacupuncture. — PubMed · 2000 · Clinical Trial
- Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on spontaneous and noxiously evoked dorsal horn cell activity in cats with transected spinal cords. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- [Electro-acupuncture effects on experimental spinal cord injury of the cat as evaluated by acid phosphatase detection]. — PubMed · 1996 · English Abstract
- Changes in the content of immunoreactive dynorphin in dorsal and ventral spinal cord of the rat in three different conditions. — PubMed · 1995 · Journal Article
- Direct bladder stimulation with percutaneous electrodes and impedance monitoring of volume in an SCI animal model. — PubMed · 1995 · Journal Article
- Beneficial effects of acupuncture treatment following experimental spinal cord injury: a behavioral, morphological, and biochemical study. — PubMed · 1990 · Journal Article
Indexed as laboratory work
The source has not said who or what was studied
- Cardiovascular effects of transcutaneous spinal stimulation in persons living with and without spinal cord injury — Crossref · 2026 · journal-article
- Voluntary Leg Movement Enabled after Complete Paralysis Using Noninvasive Spinal Cord Transcutaneous Stimulation, a Case Study. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Corrigendum to "Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation plus locomotor training versus sham-stimulation plus locomotor training in chronic spinal cord injury (eWALK): a multicentre, triple-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial". — PubMed · 2026 · Published Erratum
- Safety of transcutaneous electrical stimulation potentiating recovery in acute spinal cord injury syndromes: a trial protocol. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Lower limb rehabilitation in chronic incomplete SCI: a randomized controlled trial protocol comparing combined TMS-tSCS neuromodulation vs. tSCS alone. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation for motor function and functional independence in patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Objective Biomarker Development for Parameter Optimization in Neuromodulation Using High-Density EMG Temporal and Spatial Features. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Transcutaneous spinal stimulation with upper extremity robotic training in chronic stroke and spinal cord injury: individual neurophysiological and clinical responses. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Feasibility and Safety of Combined Robot-Assisted Gait Training and Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation in Pediatric Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Series. — PubMed · 2026 · Case Reports
- Spasticity and Abnormal Tone Regulation After Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanisms and the Effects of Neuromodulation. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- A Research Protocol to Study the Dose- and Age-Dependent Effects of Breathing Low Oxygen on Enhancing Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation-Induced Walking Function for People with Spinal Cord Injury: The BO(2)ST-II Trial. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation for upper limb recovery in chronic incomplete cervical spinal cord injury: protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Changes in Motor, Functional Independence, and Gait Recovery After Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury with Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial with a Partial Crossover Design. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Case Report: Efficacy of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation combined with overground robotic-assisted gait training in chronic incomplete spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2026 · Case Reports
- Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation for Spasticity in Primary Lateral Sclerosis: A Case Series. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Perspectives of current and future use of transcutaneous spinal stimulation and integration in the home. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation plus locomotor training versus sham-stimulation plus locomotor training in chronic spinal cord injury (eWALK): a multicentre, triple-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Improving muscle recruitment via multi-electrode transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation using automated selectivity-driven algorithms. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Study design considerations in clinical trials testing transcutaneous stimulation for spinal cord injury — Crossref · 2026 · journal-article
- Intensity matters: Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation for spasticity. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Improves Upper and Lower Limbs' Motor and Sensory Function in a Subject with Central Cord Syndrome: A Case Report. — PubMed · 2026 · Case Reports
- The sixth bioelectronic medicine summit: Neurotechnologies for individuals and communities. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation for Functional Rehabilitation After Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. — PubMed · 2026 · Journal Article
- How Is Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Intensity Determined in Individuals With a Spinal Cord Injury? — Crossref · 2026 · posted-content
- High frequency biphasic transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation for blood pressure control after spinal cord injury — Crossref · 2025 · journal-article
- Immediate Effects of Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation on Stretch-Induced Spasticity in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury. — PubMed · 2025 · Journal Article
- Short-Term Repeated Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Yields Sustained Orthostatic Benefits in Chronic Cervical SCI: A Case Study. — PubMed · 2025 · Journal Article
- Non-Invasive Cervical Spinal Stimulation and Respiratory Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial with a Partial Crossover Design. — PubMed · 2025 · Journal Article
- Exploring the feasibility of combining transcutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation and overground robotic exoskeleton for gait rehabilitation in patients with spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 2025 · Journal Article
- Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation Modulates Spinal Reflex Circuit Excitability in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury — Crossref · 2025 · journal-article
- Multi-system benefits of non-invasive spinal cord stimulation following cervical spinal cord injury: a case study. — PubMed · 2025 · Journal Article
- Biomechanical Effects of Varying Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Amplitude during Walking in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Series — Crossref · 2025 · posted-content
Where this was looked for, and when
The exact question each source was asked, the day it was asked, and what came back. A zero on this page is only honest if these are on it.
| ClinicalTrials.gov | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-10-05 | the source found 1 · this programme has 101 · still to fetch 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crossref | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-17 | the source found 540060 · this programme has 50 | aim: a sample of the most relevant records. This source ranks a bag of words, so its own total is the size of the corpus that shares some of them, never a set still owed. |
| PubMed | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-17 | the source found 500 · this programme has 500 · still to fetch 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
The question asked
- ClinicalTrials.gov
("transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation" OR "transcutaneous spinal stimulation" OR "non-invasive spinal stimulation") - Crossref
spinal cord injury transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation transcutaneous spinal stimulation - PubMed
("Spinal Cord Injuries"[MeSH Terms] OR "spinal cord injury"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord injuries"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord trauma"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation"[MeSH Terms] OR "transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "transcutaneous spinal stimulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "non-invasive spinal stimulation"[Title/Abstract])