A subject this map covers
Epidural electrical stimulation
Part of: Neuromodulation
This map follows this subject as an approach
What belongs here
An electrode implanted in the epidural space over the cord, delivering current below the level of injury.
What does not belong here, however close it looks
Epidural stimulation purely for pain relief, with no motor or autonomic aim, belongs to the pain concept.
What has been looked at
Counted from what the sources catalogue, not from reading the work. It says how much exists and over what span of years — never what any of it found.
- Registered or indexed as work in people: 896 records · 1945–2026
- Indexed as work in animals: 195 records · 1978–2026
- Indexed as laboratory work: 2 records · 2008–2025
- The source has not said who or what was studied: 145 records · 1990–2026
Checked
Records a person has read against the original and published into this map. These carry measurements, evidence states and a place on the ladder.
- Recovery of walking with epidural electrical stimulation and rehabilitation is accompanied by reduced neuronal activity in the lumbar spinal cord during walking.
- Spatiotemporal epidural electrical stimulation of the lumbar spinal cord combined with neurorehabilitation restores walking after spinal cord injury.
- A brain–spine interface that links cortical signals to epidural electrical stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord restores standing and walking ability after spinal cord injury.
- Combined epidural electrical and muscle stimulation improves functional reconstruction of spinal sensorimotor circuits after spinal cord injury.
- Combined epidural electrical and muscle stimulation increases the excitability of spinal neurons after spinal cord injury.
- Efficacy of spinal cord epidural electrical stimulation in gait recovery of Spinal Cord Injury patients, a systematic review of human clinical trials
- Epidural electrical stimulation
- Epidural electrical stimulation for spinal cord injury.
- High-frequency epidural electrical stimulation reduces spasticity and facilitates walking recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.
- Advances in Spinal Cord Epidural Stimulation for Motor and Autonomic Functions Recovery After Severe Spinal Cord Injury
- Combined Injury-site & Lumbosacral Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
- Epidural and Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Strategies for Motor Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury
Found in the scientific sources, not yet checked
Titles and identifiers as the sources publish them. Nobody here has read these papers, and nothing on this shelf is a result, a recommendation or evidence that anything works. Each line opens the original.
1238 records
This grouping is the source's own cataloguing, not a reading of the paper. It says where a record was filed, not what it found.
Registered or indexed as work in people
- Spinal epidural abscess. — PubMed · 2001 · Case Reports
- [Thoracic spinal epidural hemangioma]. — PubMed · 2001 · Case Reports
- Cervical epidural actinomycosis. Case report. — PubMed · 2001 · Case Reports
- Significance of CSF area measurements in cervical spondylitic myelopathy. — PubMed · 2001 · Journal Article
- MRI findings of extramedullary haemopoiesis. — PubMed · 2001 · Case Reports
- Paraparesis induced by inflammatory contents of a pneumonectomy cavity. Case report. — PubMed · 2000 · Case Reports
- Epidural cooling for spinal cord protection during thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair (a case study). — PubMed · 2000 · Case Reports
- When you suspect epidural hematoma. — PubMed · 2000 · Journal Article
- [Intraspinal, epidural space-occupying lesion]. — PubMed · 2000 · Case Reports
- Epidural electric stimulation of posterior structures of the human lumbar spinal cord: 1. muscle twitches - a functional method to define the site of stimulation. — PubMed · 2000 · Journal Article
- Metastatic testicular cancer presenting as spinal cord compression: report of two cases. — PubMed · 2000 · Case Reports
- [Corticosteroid-induced epidural lipomatosis]. — PubMed · 2000 · Case Reports
- Management of pain associated with metastatic epidural spinal cord compression: use of imaging studies in planning epidural therapy. — PubMed · 2000 · Case Reports
- A rare case of osteoporotic spine fracture associated with epidural lipomatosis causing paraplegia following long-term cortisone therapy. — PubMed · 2000 · Case Reports
- Spinal tumours in neurofibromatosis type 1: an MRI study of frequency, multiplicity and variety. — PubMed · 1999 · Journal Article
- Epidural Bilharzioma mansoni compressing the spinal cord: case report. — PubMed · 1999 · Case Reports
- [Cystic lesion and compression of the posterior epidural space associated with bilateral lumbar spondylolysis. Presentation of a case. Correlation with observable arthrographic images in a case of spondylolysis]. — PubMed · 1999 · Case Reports
- Cervical spondylotic myelopathy in elderly people: a high incidence of conduction block at C3-4 or C4-5. — PubMed · 1999 · Clinical Trial
- Epidural spinal cord compression: a single institution's retrospective experience. — PubMed · 1999 · Journal Article
- Cervical spinal epidural abscesses. A report on five cases. — PubMed · 1999 · Clinical Trial
- Back pain and Staphylococcal bacteraemia in haemodialysed patients--beware! — PubMed · 1999 · Case Reports
- Brucellar spinal epidural abscess. — PubMed · 1999 · Case Reports
- [Spinal cord compression secondary to epidural extramedullary hematopoiesis in thalassemia: a clinical case and review of literature]. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Nine cases of nontraumatic spinal epidural hematoma. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Neuroimaging and treatment implications of patients with multiple epidural spinal metastases. — PubMed · 1998 · Journal Article
- Cervical actinomycosis causing spinal cord compression and multisegmental root failure: case report and review of the literature. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Endoscopic suction decompression of idiopathic epidural lipomatosis. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- [Epidural hematoma after removal of an epidural catheter]. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Waveform analysis of spinal somatosensory evoked potential: paradoxically enhanced negative peaks immediately caudal to the site of conduction block. — PubMed · 1998 · Journal Article
- Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: spinal MR findings. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Metastatic choriocarcinoma in the thoracic extradural space: case report. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Spinal epidural cavernous hemangiomas. Report of three cases and review of the literature. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Dorsal extradural lipoma as cause of spinal claudication. Case report and review of the literature. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Epidural thoracic lipomatosis induced by long-term steroid treatment case illustration. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Idiopathic spinal epidural lipomatosis. — PubMed · 1998 · Case Reports
- Spontaneous spinal epidural haemorrhage complicating transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunting. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Extradural spinal tophaceous gout: evolution with medical treatment. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Idiopathic spinal epidural lipomatosis. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Adverse effects of epidural spinal cord stimulation on bladder function in a patient with chronic spinal cord injury pain. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- MR of thoracic cord compression caused by epidural extramedullary hematopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndrome. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- [Dorsal cord compression by aspergilloma. Apropos of a case]. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Surgical decompression: a life-saving procedure for an extensive spinal epidural abscess. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Major neurological sequelae of lumbar epidural anesthesia. Report of three cases. — PubMed · 1996 · Case Reports
- Primary spinal epidural non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: a clinical study. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Intraspinal extradural arachnoid cyst with spinal cord herniation. — PubMed · 1996 · Case Reports
- Mastocytosis of the axial skeleton presenting as an epidural mass lesion: MR imaging appearance. — PubMed · 1996 · Case Reports
- Intraspinal epidural sarcoidosis: case report. — PubMed · 1996 · Case Reports
- Unusual case of inflammatory spinal epidural mass (Castleman syndrome). — PubMed · 1996 · Case Reports
- Epidural lipomatosis: case report and literature review. — PubMed · 1996 · Case Reports
- Extraosseous, epidural tumour spread of multiple myeloma. — PubMed · 1996 · Case Reports
- Primary vertebral and spinal epidural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with spinal cord compression. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Spinal cord evoked potential monitoring for cervical and thoracic compressive myelopathy. — PubMed · 1996 · Clinical Trial
- Can somatosensory system generate frequency following response? — PubMed · 1996 · Clinical Trial
- [Epidural lipomatosis: complication of long-term corticotherapy. Apropos of 2 cases]. — PubMed · 1996 · Case Reports
- Spinal epidural abscess--review of 10 cases. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- [Spinal cord compression as the presenting form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]. — PubMed · 1995 · Case Reports
- Symptomatic spinal epidural lipomatosis in a patient with Cushing's disease. — PubMed · 1995 · Case Reports
- [Lumbar epidural lipomatosis]. — PubMed · 1995 · English Abstract
- [Spinal epidural abscess]. — PubMed · 1995 · Journal Article
- Isolated muscle atrophy of the distal upper extremity in cervical spinal cord compressive disorders. — PubMed · 1995 · Case Reports
Where this was looked for, and when
The exact question each source was asked, the day it was asked, and what came back. A zero on this page is only honest if these are on it.
| ClinicalTrials.gov | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-29 | the source found 1 · this programme has 55 · still to fetch 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crossref | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-16 | the source found 1988993 · this programme has 50 | aim: a sample of the most relevant records. This source ranks a bag of words, so its own total is the size of the corpus that shares some of them, never a set still owed. |
| PubMed | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-10-12 | the source found 9 · this programme has 1166 · still to fetch 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
The question asked
- ClinicalTrials.gov
("epidural stimulation" OR "epidural electrical stimulation" OR "implanted epidural stimulator") - Crossref
spinal cord injury epidural stimulation epidural electrical stimulation - PubMed
("Spinal Cord Injuries"[MeSH Terms] OR "spinal cord injury"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord injuries"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord trauma"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("Spinal Cord Stimulation"[MeSH Terms] OR "Epidural Space"[MeSH Terms] OR "epidural stimulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "epidural electrical stimulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "implanted epidural stimulator"[Title/Abstract])