A subject this map covers
Epidural electrical stimulation
Part of: Neuromodulation
This map follows this subject as an approach
What belongs here
An electrode implanted in the epidural space over the cord, delivering current below the level of injury.
What does not belong here, however close it looks
Epidural stimulation purely for pain relief, with no motor or autonomic aim, belongs to the pain concept.
What has been looked at
Counted from what the sources catalogue, not from reading the work. It says how much exists and over what span of years — never what any of it found.
- Registered or indexed as work in people: 896 records · 1945–2026
- Indexed as work in animals: 195 records · 1978–2026
- Indexed as laboratory work: 2 records · 2008–2025
- The source has not said who or what was studied: 145 records · 1990–2026
Checked
Records a person has read against the original and published into this map. These carry measurements, evidence states and a place on the ladder.
- Recovery of walking with epidural electrical stimulation and rehabilitation is accompanied by reduced neuronal activity in the lumbar spinal cord during walking.
- Spatiotemporal epidural electrical stimulation of the lumbar spinal cord combined with neurorehabilitation restores walking after spinal cord injury.
- A brain–spine interface that links cortical signals to epidural electrical stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord restores standing and walking ability after spinal cord injury.
- Combined epidural electrical and muscle stimulation improves functional reconstruction of spinal sensorimotor circuits after spinal cord injury.
- Combined epidural electrical and muscle stimulation increases the excitability of spinal neurons after spinal cord injury.
- Efficacy of spinal cord epidural electrical stimulation in gait recovery of Spinal Cord Injury patients, a systematic review of human clinical trials
- Epidural electrical stimulation
- Epidural electrical stimulation for spinal cord injury.
- High-frequency epidural electrical stimulation reduces spasticity and facilitates walking recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.
- Advances in Spinal Cord Epidural Stimulation for Motor and Autonomic Functions Recovery After Severe Spinal Cord Injury
- Combined Injury-site & Lumbosacral Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation
- Epidural and Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Strategies for Motor Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury
Found in the scientific sources, not yet checked
Titles and identifiers as the sources publish them. Nobody here has read these papers, and nothing on this shelf is a result, a recommendation or evidence that anything works. Each line opens the original.
1238 records
This grouping is the source's own cataloguing, not a reading of the paper. It says where a record was filed, not what it found.
Registered or indexed as work in people
- [Posterior epidural adipose tissue and the narrow lumbar canal: replacement tissue or cause of impingement?]. — PubMed · 1995 · Journal Article
- [A case of spasticity following spinal cord injury improved by epidural spinal cord stimulation]. — PubMed · 1995 · Case Reports
- Rapidly progressing quadriparesis secondary to cervical pyogenic spondylitis in a patient with Klippel-Feil syndrome. — PubMed · 1995 · Case Reports
- Case of the month: inside a thin man--an engrossing problem. — PubMed · 1995 · Case Reports
- Metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma with epidural spinal cord compression: report of an unusual and catastrophic event. — PubMed · 1995 · Case Reports
- [Slow spinal cord compression in a young adult]. — PubMed · 1995 · Case Reports
- Metastatic paraspinal abscess and paraplegia secondary to dental extraction. — PubMed · 1994 · Case Reports
- Vertebral body metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme with epidural mass formation. Contrast-enhanced MRI study. — PubMed · 1994 · Case Reports
- Lumbar epidural lipomatosis: the "Y" sign of thecal sac compression. — PubMed · 1994 · Journal Article
- Spinal cord potential recordings from the extradural space during scoliosis surgery. — PubMed · 1994 · Journal Article
- Epidural arteriovenous fistula with perimedullary venous drainage: case report. — PubMed · 1994 · Case Reports
- Spinal epidural lipomatosis: two new idiopathic cases and a review of the literature. — PubMed · 1994 · Case Reports
- Masson's hemangioma of spinal meninges causing cord compression with paraplegia. — PubMed · 1994 · Case Reports
- Experience with symptomatic spinal epidural cysts. — PubMed · 1994 · Journal Article
- Malignant degeneration of a vertebral osteochondroma with epidural tumor extension: a report of the case and review of the literature. — PubMed · 1994 · Case Reports
- Thoracic myelopathy due to compression by the epidural tophus: a case report. — PubMed · 1994 · Case Reports
- Idiopathic spinal extradural lipomatosis in a non-obese otherwise healthy man. — PubMed · 1994 · Case Reports
- Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression: current concepts and treatment. — PubMed · 1994 · Journal Article
- Radicular compression by gas in a spinal extra dural cyst. Report on two cases. — PubMed · 1994 · Case Reports
- Extradural cyst. — PubMed · 1993 · Case Reports
- [Efficacy of medical treatment in a case of spinal cord compression caused by epidural lipomatosis following long-term corticotherapy]. — PubMed · 1993 · Case Reports
- Evaluation of cervical diskography in pain origin and provocation. — PubMed · 1993 · Journal Article
- Spinal epidural involvement in pleural lymphomas developing from long-standing tuberculous pyothorax or pleuritis. — PubMed · 1993 · Case Reports
- Surface and epidural lumbosacral spinal cord evoked potentials in chronic spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 1993 · Journal Article
- [MRI in infectious and spontaneous tumoral epidural hemorrhagic pathology]. — PubMed · 1993 · English Abstract
- Extradural air as a cause of paraplegia following lumbar analgesia. — PubMed · 1993 · Case Reports
- Spinal epidural abscess complicated closed vertebral fracture. A case report and review of literature. — PubMed · 1993 · Case Reports
- Experience with 509 plate electrodes implanted epidurally from C1 to L1. — PubMed · 1993 · Clinical Trial
- [Extramedullary hematopoiesis. An unusual cause of Pagetic spinal cord compression]. — PubMed · 1993 · Case Reports
- Granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) causing spinal cord compression. — PubMed · 1993 · Case Reports
- [Spinal cord compression caused by epidural inflammation disclosing acute transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia. 3 cases]. — PubMed · 1993 · Case Reports
- Successful nonoperative treatment of tuberculous spinal epidural abscess with cord compression: the role of magnetic resonance imaging. — PubMed · 1993 · Case Reports
- Metastases and spinal cord compression. — PubMed · 1992 · Letter
- Metastases and spinal cord compression. — PubMed · 1992 · Comment
- Ataxia in epidural spinal cord compression. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Spinal cord compression by epidural tumors in childhood. — PubMed · 1992 · Journal Article
- Spinal epidural angiolipoma: rare or unreported? — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Spinal cord compression from epidural metastases. — PubMed · 1992 · Journal Article
- Aspergillus epidural abscess and cord compression in a patient with aspergilloma and empyema. Survival and response to high dose systemic amphotericin therapy. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- [Communicating syringomyelia and syringobulbia after surgery of a spinal epidural tuberculoma]. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Epidural abscess of the cervical spine: MR findings in five cases. — PubMed · 1992 · Journal Article
- Cervical epidural abscess: approaches to diagnosis. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Infections of the dural spaces. — PubMed · 1992 · Journal Article
- Spinal cord compression by epidural lipomatosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Epidural lipomatosis in steroid-treated patients. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Acute spinal epidural abscess and spinal leptomeningitis: report of 2 cases with comparative neuroradiological and autopsy study. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Acute spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma with temporary resolution. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Spinal cord compression due to epidural extramedullary haematopoiesis in thalassemia. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Spinal epidural abscess complicating vertebral osteomyelitis: an insidious cause of deteriorating spinal cord function. — PubMed · 1992 · Case Reports
- Cervical spinal epidural hematoma with spontaneous remission. — PubMed · 1991 · Case Reports
- The importance of posterior epidural fat pad in lumbar central canal stenosis. — PubMed · 1991 · Journal Article
- Monitoring spinal cord function during scoliosis surgery with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation. — PubMed · 1991 · Journal Article
- Effect of implanted epidural stimulator on lower urinary tract function in spinal-cord-injured patients. — PubMed · 1991 · Journal Article
- Encapsulated epidural catheter. CT findings. — PubMed · 1991 · Case Reports
- Epidural metastasis of testicular yolk sac tumor: an unusual cause of spinal cord compression. Case report. — PubMed · 1991 · Case Reports
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting with extradural spinal cord compression: functional outcome and survival. — PubMed · 1991 · Journal Article
- Kaposi's sarcoma as a cause of spinal cord compression in an immunocompromised patient. — PubMed · 1990 · Case Reports
- [Effect of stimulation of the spinal cord on phasic and tonic reflexes in patients with central motor neuron damage]. — PubMed · 1989 · English Abstract
- [Compressive inflammatory epiduritis in ankylosing spondylitis]. — PubMed · 1989 · Case Reports
- Gas in a spinal extradural cyst. Case report. — PubMed · 1989 · Case Reports
Where this was looked for, and when
The exact question each source was asked, the day it was asked, and what came back. A zero on this page is only honest if these are on it.
| ClinicalTrials.gov | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-29 | the source found 1 · this programme has 55 · still to fetch 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crossref | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-16 | the source found 1988993 · this programme has 50 | aim: a sample of the most relevant records. This source ranks a bag of words, so its own total is the size of the corpus that shares some of them, never a set still owed. |
| PubMed | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-10-12 | the source found 9 · this programme has 1166 · still to fetch 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
The question asked
- ClinicalTrials.gov
("epidural stimulation" OR "epidural electrical stimulation" OR "implanted epidural stimulator") - Crossref
spinal cord injury epidural stimulation epidural electrical stimulation - PubMed
("Spinal Cord Injuries"[MeSH Terms] OR "spinal cord injury"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord injuries"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord trauma"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("Spinal Cord Stimulation"[MeSH Terms] OR "Epidural Space"[MeSH Terms] OR "epidural stimulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "epidural electrical stimulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "implanted epidural stimulator"[Title/Abstract])