A subject this map covers
Neuromodulation
What belongs here
Changing the activity of spared circuits with an electrical or magnetic field, with no aim of regrowing cut fibres.
What does not belong here, however close it looks
Stimulating a muscle to contract is functional electrical stimulation, a separate concept.
What has been looked at
Counted from what the sources catalogue, not from reading the work. It says how much exists and over what span of years — never what any of it found.
- Registered or indexed as work in people: 3382 records · 1950–2028
- Indexed as work in animals: 713 records · 1980–2026
- Indexed as laboratory work: 18 records · 1987–2025
- The source has not said who or what was studied: 731 records · 1984–2026
- No matching published catalogue records are linked above. Human-review status must be checked on the evidence itself.
Published in this map
Catalogue records matching this subject. Publication here does not establish human review, measured results or effectiveness. Open a record to inspect its sources and evidence.
No published catalogue records match this subject yet.
This is a result within this map, not a claim that no research exists. The source records below can help you continue searching.
Found in the scientific sources, not yet checked
Titles and identifiers as the sources publish them. Nobody here has read these papers, and nothing on this shelf is a result, a recommendation or evidence that anything works. Each line opens the original.
4844 records
This grouping is the source's own cataloguing, not a reading of the paper. It says where a record was filed, not what it found.
Registered or indexed as work in people
- An implanted upper-extremity neuroprosthesis. Follow-up of five patients. — PubMed · 1997 · Journal Article
- Assisted reach and transfers in individuals with tetraplegia: towards a solution. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Deep brain stimulation for intractable pain: a 15-year experience. — PubMed · 1997 · Comparative Study
- Outcomes of upper-extremity tendon transfers and functional electrical stimulation in an adolescent with C-5 tetraplegia. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Selective detrusor activation by electrical sacral nerve root stimulation in spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 1997 · Clinical Trial
- A methodology for definition of neuromuscular electrical stimulation sequences: an application toward overcoming small obstacles. — PubMed · 1997 · Clinical Trial
- Comparison of simulation and experiments of different closed-loop strategies for functional electrical stimulation: experiments in paraplegics. — PubMed · 1997 · Comparative Study
- [Electroejaculation and assisted reproductive techniques in the patients with spinal cord injury]. — PubMed · 1997 · English Abstract
- [Evaluation and repair of bladder function after spinal cord injuries]. — PubMed · 1997 · Journal Article
- Experience of clinical use of the Odstock dropped foot stimulator. — PubMed · 1997 · Clinical Trial
- Experimental evaluation of an adaptive feedforward controller for use in functional neuromuscular stimulation systems. — PubMed · 1997 · Clinical Trial
- Fathering of a child with the assistance of electroejaculation in conjunction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection: case report. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Hypertrophy and transformation of muscle fibers in paraplegic patients. — PubMed · 1997 · Clinical Trial
- Implantable volume monitor and miniaturized stimulator dedicated to bladder control. — PubMed · 1997 · Journal Article
- Improvement in step clearance via calf muscle stimulation. — PubMed · 1997 · Journal Article
- Influence of electrically stimulated ankle plantar flexors on the swinging leg. — PubMed · 1997 · Clinical Trial
- Lumbar root stimulation for restoring leg function: results in paraplegia. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Restoration of lateral hand grasp using natural sensors. — PubMed · 1997 · Journal Article
- Selective detrusor activation by electrical stimulation of the human sacral nerve roots. — PubMed · 1997 · Clinical Trial
- Spinal cord injury rehabilitation. 3. Functional outcomes. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Useful applications and limits of battery powered implants in functional electrical stimulations. — PubMed · 1997 · Journal Article
- Wireless control of functional electrical stimulation systems. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Posterior sacral rhizotomy and intradural anterior sacral root stimulation for treatment of the spastic bladder in spinal cord injured patients. — PubMed · 1997 · Clinical Trial
- Evaluation of FNS control systems: software development and sensor characterization. — PubMed · 1997 · Journal Article
- Improved motor function in tetraplegics following neuromuscular stimulation-assisted arm ergometry. — PubMed · 1997 · Clinical Trial
- Paraplegia: prolonged closed-loop standing with implanted nucleus FES-22 stimulator and Andrews' foot-ankle orthosis. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Spinal cord stimulation: a quarter century of development and investigation. A review of its development and effectiveness in 1,336 cases. — PubMed · 1997 · Journal Article
- The cost of ventilator-dependent spinal cord injuries-patients in the hospital and at home. — PubMed · 1997 · Comparative Study
- Two artificial neural systems for generation of gait swing by means of neuromuscular electrical stimulation. — PubMed · 1997 · Case Reports
- Urinary bladder control by electrical stimulation: review of electrical stimulation techniques in spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 1997 · Journal Article
- Input-output nonlinearities and time delays increase tracking errors in hand grasp neuroprostheses. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Objective measurement of use of the reciprocating gait orthosis (RGO) and the electrically augmented RGO in adult patients with spinal cord lesions. — PubMed · 1996 · Comparative Study
- Therapeutic neural effects of electrical stimulation. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Tri-state myoelectric control of bilateral upper extremity neuroprostheses for tetraplegic individuals. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Significance of sympathetic skin response in the assessment of autonomic failure in patients with spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Energy expenditure of walking for adult patients with spinal cord lesions using the reciprocating gait orthosis and functional electrical stimulation. — PubMed · 1996 · Clinical Trial
- Implanted Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation systems for individuals with cervical spinal cord injuries: clinical case reports. — PubMed · 1996 · Case Reports
- Male fertility following spinal cord injury: facts and fiction. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Changes in gas exchange kinetics with training in patients with spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Home use of a functional electrical stimulation system for standing and mobility in adolescents with spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on H-reflex and spinal spasticity. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Estimating mechanical parameters of leg segments in individuals with and without physical disabilities. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Central nervous system plasticity after spinal cord injury in man: interlimb reflexes and the influence of cutaneous stimulation. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Bone mass and endocrine adaptations to training in spinal cord injured individuals. — PubMed · 1996 · Clinical Trial
- Electrical pelvic floor stimulation: a possible alternative treatment for reflex urinary incontinence in patients with spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 1996 · Clinical Trial
- Electrical stimulation and biofeedback effect on recovery of tenodesis grasp: a controlled study. — PubMed · 1996 · Clinical Trial
- [Electrostimulation of the spinal cord as a method of inducing locomotor activity in children (clinical aspects and technical problems)]. — PubMed · 1996 · English Abstract
- Neuromodulation of detrusor hyper-reflexia by functional magnetic stimulation of the sacral roots. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Application of tilt sensors in functional electrical stimulation. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- In vitro fertilization improves pregnancy rates for sperm obtained by rectal probe ejaculation. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Microchip implants on the anterior sacral roots in patients with spinal trauma: does it improve bowel function? — PubMed · 1996 · Clinical Trial
- Hormonal responses to graded-resistance, FES-assisted strength training in spinal cord-injured. — PubMed · 1996 · Clinical Trial
- Challenges to clinical deployment of upper limb neuroprostheses. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Functional neuromuscular stimulation for mobility in people with spinal cord injuries. The Parastep I System. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Neural signals for command control and feedback in functional neuromuscular stimulation: a review. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Principles underlying functional electrical stimulation techniques. — PubMed · 1996 · Comparative Study
- Results of the treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction in spinal cord injury by sacral posterior root rhizotomy and anterior sacral root stimulation. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Design of a controlled-brake orthosis for FES-aided gait. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Effects of functional electrical stimulation on the joints of adolescents with spinal cord injury. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
- Nerve fibres in urothelium and submucosa of neuropathic urinary bladder: an immunohistochemical study with S-100 and neurofilament. — PubMed · 1996 · Journal Article
Where this was looked for, and when
The latest collection walk and the accumulated shelf have different scopes. A zero applies only to that source query and its date window; older records may remain on the shelf. It does not mean no research exists.
| ClinicalTrials.gov | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-10-05 Collection window: 2026-09-16 – 2026-10-05 | matched in this collection walk 5 · accumulated records across collection walks 448 · still to fetch in this walk 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crossref | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-16 Collection window: all dates before the end date – 2026-09-16 | matched in this collection walk 1054379 · accumulated records across collection walks 50 | aim: a sample of the most relevant records. This source ranks a bag of words, so its own total is the size of the corpus that shares some of them, never a set still owed. |
| PubMed | asked, and it answered | asked on 2026-09-17 Collection window: all dates before the end date – 2026-09-17 | matched in this collection walk 4481 · accumulated records across collection walks 4481 · still to fetch in this walk 0 | aim: every record matching this question |
The question asked
- ClinicalTrials.gov
("neuromodulation" OR "spinal cord stimulation" OR "electrical stimulation") - Crossref
spinal cord injury neuromodulation spinal cord stimulation - PubMed
("Spinal Cord Injuries"[MeSH Terms] OR "spinal cord injury"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord injuries"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord trauma"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("Electric Stimulation Therapy"[MeSH Terms] OR "Spinal Cord Stimulation"[MeSH Terms] OR "neuromodulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "spinal cord stimulation"[Title/Abstract] OR "electrical stimulation"[Title/Abstract])